Humanização em saúde: arquitetura em enfermarias pediátricas

Abstract

The contemporary spaces of health that points to a new design are based on a more human relationship with the user, in which all those involved in health care are valued during the architectural design of the building. In this sense, the architecture of health areas goes beyond the technical simple and formal composition, of these environments, once the Humanization aims to consider situations which are not built, delimited by a space and time experienced by groups taking their cultural values and social relations into consideration. In the particular case of the pediatric wards, one has to understand that children and adolescents hospitalized have needs other than simply medical, which must be met with equal importance. Taking these data as assumptions, this paper aims to investigate how the built environment can contribute to the humanization of health areas, particularly pediatric wards, creating guidelines for future projects. This work is characterized as an Exploratory Research, with an interdisciplinary as well as a qualitative approach. It leans on the multidisciplinary literature on the subject and field studies, with reference to the techniques and tools of Post-Occupancy Evaluation. The study was conducted in two pediatric wards of general hospitals in Juiz de Fora, with public or charitable service where the three following types of users were investigated: patients, caregivers and staff. The architecture as an element contributing to the quality of the experience of its users was analyzed as well as opinions have been raised about the ideal place for such care, pointing to new challenges facing a most humane approach. It was concluded then that for effective humanization of healthcare environments multidisciplinary efforts will be needed. This study also points to the need for architectural designs to be considered, first of all the individuals who inhabit them, guiding and planning spaces that facilitate their experience in all aspects, respecting the individuality and particularities of each type of user involved in the production process of healthcare.