Ocorrência de sífilis adquirida, gestacional e congênita no âmbito nacional, estadual e do município de Governador Valadares - MG

Abstract

Syphilis is an infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, which can be transmitted by sexual contact, transplacental route or birth canal. The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of cases of acquired, gestational and congenital syphilis at the national level, in the state of Minas Gerais (MG) and in the municipality of Governador Valadares (GV), based on data obtained from the Disease Information System of Notification (SINAN). This is an observational, retrospective study based on data obtained from SINAN, considering the period from January/2010 to December/2021. Aspects such as age group, race, gender, education, disease progression, criteria used for diagnosing the infection, clinical classification of pregnant women, prenatal care and final classification of the disease were evaluated. In total, 911,179 cases of acquired syphilis, 417,948 of gestational syphilis and 208,487 of congenital syphilis were reported across the country, affecting a young population, predominantly male, with complete secondary education, laboratory diagnosis and evolution to cure, in the three spheres evaluated. The number of cases is worrying, which implies the need to reinforce surveillance, prevention and control actions for this disease. The diagnosis of syphilis during pregnancy deserves a lot of attention, considering the various complications that can be avoided, the large number of pregnant women diagnosed with the latent form in this study, as well as the considerable number of cases of congenital syphilis diagnosed only at the time of childbirth / curettage or even after delivery.