Controle carga-frequência em sistemas com alta penetração de geração eólica e geração hidráulica

Abstract

Wind generation systems do not have inertia since they are generally connected to the grid through electronic interfaces. These equipment decouple the rotating speed of the wind generator rotor from the electrical grid frequency. In addition, wind turbines normally operate at the maximum power point and, therefore, do not have generation reserve to deal with imbalances between load and generation. Another complicating factor is the high variability of wind speed. Therefore, wind power plants generally do not participate in primary and secondary frequency controls, which require the existence of a generation reserve. In this regard, the present work deals with the inclusion of wind generation in the load frequency control of Electrical Power Systems (EPS) composed by wind and hydraulic power plants, through the control strategy called virtual synchronous generator (VSG), combined with the de-loaded operation of wind turbines. In this way, wind generators start to provide inertial response, through virtual inertia, and can participate in the frequency regulation of the system, since they have generation reserve. The proposed strategy, in addition to promoting the reduction of system frequency deviations, also reduces the inverse response of the hydraulic turbines and promotes damping of interchange oscillations, due to the high speed action of the VSG.