Orientações técnicas e dimensionamento de elementos de projeto de um aterro sanitário: estudo de caso aplicável ao município de Juiz de Fora - MG

Abstract

Despite the advances that have occurred in recent years, the Brazilian scenario of final disposal of waste still points to a delay in relation to developed countries, with 40% of the waste generated being disposed of in controlled landfills and dumps. The sanitary landfill, the only form of environmentally adequate final disposal, is considered a recent structure in the country and, in this context, it faces obstacles such as the lack of references regarding the design and operation of this engineering work. In view of the above, this paper aims to compile the fundamental concepts about the theme of solid waste and landfills and, based on this, propose a case study in which the sizing of a landfill will be performed for the city of Juiz de Fora - MG. To this end, a literature review was carried out selecting the main information and methods used to size the stages of the landfill, as well as an analysis of the current standards and legislation. At the end of the study, through geological, geotechnical and climatological characteristics analysis, it was possible to propose a final geometry for the landfill and a waterproofing system for its base. After this, a rainwater drainage system was proposed using concrete channels with dimensions of 80 x 80 cm. Using the Swiss Method it was possible to size the slurry drainage system, which will be done with drains with diameters of 30 and 40 cm. The gas will be drained through concrete perforated tubes that will be surrounded by rachão type stones. Finally, a covering system of 20 cm of soil was proposed for daily protection and 60 cm for the final covering, which should also be protected by a vegetation layer. The work is, therefore, a basic guide for those interested in the subject, and can be used mainly in the academic environment in subjects that deal with the subject.