História de vida e comportamento de Achatina fulica Bowdich, 1822 (Mollusca, Achatinidae) em condições de laboratório

Abstract

In the conditions studied Achatina fulica presented indeterminate standard and mass corporal increase with the long of the experiment, after the sexual maturity. The isolation influenced directly in the tax of increase and gain of corporal mass, being observed increase of these parameters to Isolateds. During the stage of development had significant differences in the tax of increase and gain of corporal mass with greater values reached in the periods post-maturity so much to Isolateds as Grouped, but not deferring significantly among then. The same stardard was observed to the drought and rainy seasons. The mortality in the period pre and post-maturity sexual of. Achatina fulica did not defer to Isolateds and Grouupeds, but when comparated to mortality of each period of life among groups verified that this was greatest to groupeds. It was observed more of an event reproductive to Iasolateds and Groupeds. Groupeds reproduced themselves for a period of time more brief with consecutives postures. For Isolateds was observed the opposite. The middle time reach of sexual maturity among the groups deferred, Groupeds was sexually matures more early (284 days) of that Isolateds (295 days). The molluscs Isolateds reached the sexual maturity with greatest size (12,5 cm) and gain of mass (170g). The number of eggs was significantly greater for the mollusks Grouped and hand’t differences of the middle number of reproductive events and number of eggs for mollusks to Isolateds and Groupeds. Already the URA influenced the number of postures and of eggs for mollusks in Isolateds. The same behavior was observed in Groupeds. There was correlation significant of the temperature in the time of out break of the eggs and in the hatchabity. When avakuated the metabolism of carboidrats, verified a increase in the concentrations of galactogen before the first reproductive event, occuring the diminuition of glucose and glycogen were greatest in the young stage. Unlike of galactogen. It the adult stage, verified the dislocation energy of increase for the reproduction, once the glycogen of mass cefalopediosa was greatest of that in the digestive gland, featuring an indeterminate increase. It believe that the conditions utilized in this study the process reproductive of A. fulica. Already when evaluated individuals were more actives that the young along of study. There was difference for the behavior “to bury”, being that youngs stayed more buried that the adults. It observed difference for the act “to rest” (total rest), being greatest for the adults the horizontal rest in the substrate was more frequent in adults, not differing statistically with young mollusks while the vertical rest in the wall of the terrarium was for adults and youngs. To the act “to dislocate” (total dislocate) the same standard was observed. However adults dislocate themselves more horizontally then youngs, differing significantly. These wasn’t difference to the vertical dislocation. It verified superposition in the timetable of dislocation between adults and youngs though adult animals have dislocated for a greatest period. Not observed difference to a frequence of the behavior “to feed” but youngs had a smaller period for the alimentation, putting over with adult animals. The same standard was observed to “to explorer”. The behaviors “to emerge” and “buring” too did not difer. The act “to defecate” was observed only in adult individuals. The behavior of “to interact” not observed in youngs, neither in similar both ages, being greater the temperature, in a scale of 22 a 26ºC. This work suggests that can have competition for food and space between youngs and adults, occurring so a control population of the kind due to niche overlapping.