Avaliação do potencial antitumoral dos complexos de ofloxacino com ciclodextrinas em células de câncer de mama MCF-7

Abstract

Breast cancer is a disease caused by breast cell proliferation disorder. This process produces abnormal cells, which multiply in a disorderly way, which leads to the formation of tumors. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with different clinical and morphological manifestations associated with distinct genetic characteristics, therefore requiring different therapeutic approaches. Several advances have emerged over the years with regard to the oncological treatment of breast tumors, but the treatment depends on the stage of the disease and the type of tumor, and may include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy and targeted therapy . When this neoplasia is diagnosed in its initial phase, the treatment has a greater curative potential. In the case of tumor metastasis, the treatment aims to prolong and improve the patient's quality of life. Ofloxacin (OFLOX) is a fluoroquinolone with a broad spectrum bactericidal effect that demonstrates cytotoxic activity for tumor cells. Studies show that the association of drugs with cyclodextrins can favor the biological activity of some substances. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the antitumor potential of OFLOX nanostructured compositions after inclusion in β-cyclodextrin (βCD) and hydroxypropyl-β- cyclodextrin (HPβCD) in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. To evaluate the in vitro antitumor potential, the viability of MCF-7 cells was determined by the MTT colorimetric method for 48 and 72 hours, after treatment with inclusion complexes (IC's) at concentrations of 300 μM, 100 μM and 50 μM. For the evaluation of apoptosis and necrosis, the Annexin V apoptosis detection kit was used by flow cytometry and the cells treated with IC's at concentrations of 300 μM. The results obtained demonstrate that the HPβCD/OFLOX complex was able to reduce the cell viability of MCF-7 to values below 70% at concentrations of 100 μM and 300 μM in 72 hours of treatment. It was observed that treatment at 300 μM of HPβCD/OFLOX promoted apoptosis in 54% of MCF-7 cells and necrosis in 20% of them, values higher than those observed in the treatment of OFLOX at the same concentration. The results demonstrate an antitumor potential of HPβCD/OFLOX. Larger studies are needed to evaluate the potential of HPβCD/OFLOX as a future candidate in the treatment of breast cancer.