Metais pesados e qualidade da água da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Paraibuna – MG

Abstract

In urban areas, because of industrialization and urbanization, current levels of heavy metals in water bodies may be elevated relative to naturally occurring levels. Water from industries and urban rainwater drainage may contain high concentrations of heavy metals, making it necessary to monitor the quality of water in rivers in urban areas, as in the case of the Paraibuna River. The general objective of this work is to evaluate the concentrations of heavy metals found in the Paraibuna River, between 1997 and 2020. The methodology of this work is divided into two parts. The first consists of the GIS part, which allowed the delimitation of the Paraibuna river basin, the land use and land cover map and the elaboration of a map of potentially polluting companies. The second part consists of the analysis of the spatial and temporal variability of Arsenic (Ar), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni) and Zinc (Zn) concentrations in 5 monitoring stations along the Paraibuna River (MG), the data used in this work, contains historical series of data for monitoring the quality of surface waters in the Paraibuna river basin carried out by IGAM. The comparison of the measured concentrations with the criteria of the environmental legislation, established in the CONAMA Resolution 357/2005 showed that the Cd, the Zn and the Pb are the parameters that require more attention. Subsequently, we were able to conclude that the sub-basin of contribution from the monitoring point BS002 and BS006 is preserved in terms of the impacts of industrial effluents and domestic sewage. On the contrary, as the industrialized and urban area of Juiz de Fora greatly impacted the sub-basins of the monitoring points BS083, BS017, BS018.