Imunolocalização da SmATPDase 2 de Schistosoma mansoni e estudo dos peptídeos sintéticos SmB1LJ e SmB2LJ derivados desta proteína na esquistossomose experimental

Abstract

Schistosomiasis is a disease that affects approximately 200 million people worldwide causing great morbidity. Due to lack of vaccine for this disease, many antigens are searched. An antigenic domain B (r156-195) from the Schistosoma mansoni ATPDase 2 isoform was previously described, and two synthetic peptides (SmB1LJ, r155-176; SmB2LJ, r175-194) belonging to this domain were obtained. Inoculation of each peptide in healthy BALB/c mice induced significant immunostimulatory activity, increasing the IgG1 and IgG2a antibody levels, as detected by ELISA. The polyclonal anti-SmB1LJ and anti-SmB2LJ antibodies, when immobilized on Protein A-Sepharose, immunoprecipitated approximately 42-96% of the ADPase activity from the adult worm preparation. By Western blots of immunoprecipitated complex, three bands of 76, 63 and 55 kDa were identified by the two immune sera, confirming the ATPDase 2 identity, and suggesting that this protein is subject to several posttranslational processing, such as glycosylation and proteolysis, resulting finally in a secreted protein of 55 kDa. Additionally, polyclonal anti-SmB2LJ antibodies inhibited 62% and 37% of the ATPase and ADPase activities, respectively, whereas polyclonal anti-SmB1LJ antibodies inhibited ADPase (92%), but not ATPase activity, suggesting that the domain B from the S. mansoni ATPDase 2 is involved in enzyme catalytic regulation, being a new target for inhibitor design. Immunolabelled cryostat sections of infected mouse liver by the anti-SmB2LJ polyclonal antibodies revealed positive reactions on the external surface from the miracidium in the S. mansoni egg. Intense fluorescence was detected in the region between the miracidium and the inner side of the egg-shell, located in von Lichtenberg’s envelope, which is a region of production of immunogenic components. Fluorescence was also detected in the outer side of the egg-shell and entrapped by the surface microspines, confirming that this protein, like in the adult worm, is also secreted from the S. mansoni eggs. No reactivity was observed in the surrounding granumomatous tissues, which are rich en inflammatory cells. Serum samples from S. mansoni-infected Swiss mice were tested by ELISA using SmB1LJ or SmB2LJ as coating antigen. Significantly higher IgG, IgG1 or IgG2a antibody reactivity was detected against SmB1LJ, whereas only IgG1 antibody was highly reactive against SmB2LJ. The reactivity of plasma samples (diluted 1:200) from Swiss mice previously inoculated with potato apyrase or r-potDomain B, a 6xHis tag polypeptide belonging to the domain B (r78-117) from the potato apyrase, homologue to the domain B from the ATPDase 2, was also tested by ELISA using the peptides as coating antigens. Polyclonal IgG and IgG1 anti-potato apyrase antibodies significantly reacted with SmB1LJ, whereas only IgG1 reacted with SmB2LJ. Polyclonal anti-r-potDomain B antibodies did not significantly react with SmB2LJ. Compared to controls, plasma samples (diluted 1:200) from these animals pre-immunized with potato apyrase or r-potDomain B and challenged with S. mansoni did not react significantly with peptides. The results confirmed that the domain B from the ATPDase 2 is potentially involved in the host immune response, and peptides SmB1LJ and SmB2LJ can be used in schistosomiasis studies.