Relação entre maternidade e remuneração das mulheres no mercado de trabalho de Minas Gerais

Abstract

This work aims to analyze the existing division in the labor market between genders and to evaluate how the differences in time off between maternity and paternity leave are ralated to the average nominal remuneration of workers in the private labor market from the state of Minas Gerais. The two main factors that corroborate the salary difference are the discriminatory factor that considers that mothers have lower marginal productivity comparing men, and the other one is the fact that women still have greater maternal responsibilities than fathers, which leads to a lower commitment of mothers to work. To analyze relation of the arrival of a new child on the average remuneration of individuals it was estimated two models using three differents methods for data in panel and made comparison among then using a sample of the Annual Report of Social Information (RAIS) for the years 2007 to 2009. This approach made it possible to identify a negative relation on the time of absence due to parental leave, regardless of the person's gender. From these models, it is possible to argue that the effects of this negative relation over wages have a greater impact on women due to the obligation to be away for a longer period. At this work conclusion, a proposal is presented for the inclusion of a new family responsibility policy that contributes to gender equity in the labor market and society.