A hermenêutica Bíblica na modernidade a partir da contribuição de Erich Auerbach e Paul Ricoeur

Abstract

Is there a place for the Bible in Modernity? If so, what would this place be, how would it be received? The present thesis, taking into account these initial questions, aims to discuss the possible ways to propose a biblical hermeneutics in modernity, based on the contribution of Erich Auerbach and Paul Ricoeur. When pursuing this ideal, special attention will be devoted to the concepts of Figure in Auerbach, and Metaphor in Paul Ricoeur, aiming to visualize both their approximations and distentions, for applicability in the construction of horizons for biblical hermeneutics. In Auerbach we find the permanence and prevalence of the figural interpretation model even after the break of the medieval frame by the validity of modernity. The notion of Figure, which encompasses more than an invitation to typology, gives rise to a form of representation that establishes bonds of identification with the reader through the character's identity and, in the biblical case, the invitation to its construction and interpretation on other planes. The need for a humble posture in reading is also necessary so that the Ricoeurian postulation of refiguration, of the projection of a world of text, can be accepted by the reader. In turn, in Ricoeur, the great contribution evoked in this thesis is focused on the notion of Metaphor, through which consciousness can be represented and revelation, especially the notion of the Kingdom of God, finds shelter in language, above all in the form of parables. Crossing the Ricoeurian intertextuality and the Auerbachian figural interpretation, the thesis points to the construction of a narrative identifiy supported, in this case, by the biblical text. In the end, it is proposed to rescue Ricoeur's thesis that more than a function, biblical language is in its poetic essence, present in the configuration of the characters and the text, as well as in the opening for appropriations by the reader. In the conclusion of this thesis, we propose horizons for the best exercise of biblical hermeneutics in modernity.