Diagnóstico do saneamento rural no contexto da agricultura familiar do município de Juiz de Fora -MG

Abstract

Basic sanitation services are a universal citizen's right, but their implementation represents a great challenge to the public authorities. This scenario becomes even more critical when it comes to the countryside. On the other hand, the rural area is strictly linked to agriculture, mainly due to family farming, which is of great importance worldwide as it produces 80% of the food in the world. The great difficulty in collecting data regarding the rural population's access to basic sanitation services makes it complex for the government to find solutions to minimize the insufficiency of public policies that serve the agrarian population. Thus, this research sought to propose a diagnosis of rural sanitation in the municipality of Juiz de Fora through the methodology proposed by the participatory rural diagnosis, which used a semi-structured interview with the application of a previously defined questionnaire as a tool. The questionnaire was answered by 85 rural producers who belong to family farming, and to achieve the objective we had the help of the Agrofar association and the Rural Union of Juiz de Fora. It was observed that in the municipality most rural producers collect water from springs, followed by a well and some have public supply. As for the disposal of sewage, most of it ends up in a rudimentary pit, followed by a septic tank, disposal in a river and some disposal in the open air. As for solid waste, most do not have waste collection by the government, needing to transport them to collection points. Thus, it is necessary to pay attention to the conditions of access to services by rural producers, especially regarding the need to adequately treat the water collected, as the ingestion of contaminated water, mainly by coliforms, is responsible for part of the hospitalizations due to gastrointestinal problems in Brazil.