Avaliação das atividades antioxidante e anti-inflamatória do extrato metanólico das partes aéreas de Mitracarpus frigidus e de seu fitocomplexo supramolecular com β-ciclodextrina

Abstract

Mitracarpus Frigidus is a plant species native to South America, which has shown potential for several biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, leishmanicidal and antitumor. These activities have been correlated to its secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, terpenes, and phenolic compounds. However, the instability and low solubility of natural compounds reduce their bioavailability, interfering with the efficacy of therapy. In order to improve the stability and bioavailability of the active components of the methanolic extract of Mitracarpus frigidus (MFM), a supramolecular phytocomplex with β-cyclodextrin (βCD) was developed by the co-precipitation method. Through molecular docking, it was possible to predict a higher affinity of the compounds of interest with βCD. The characterizations of the extract and phytocomplex by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (IR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential (ZP), conductivity and thermal analysis (differential thermal analysis DTA and thermogravimetric analysis TGA), demonstrated the effectiveness of the complexation and suggested greater stability of the phytocomplex compared to the pure extract. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH radical reduction assays, inhibition of the β-carotene/linoleic acid system, and MDA formation, in which the phytocomplex showed greater antioxidant potential compared to the pure extract. In vitro antiinflammatory activity was evaluated by reducing nitric oxide (NO) production and by reducing metalloproteinases MMP2 and MMP9 activity, in J774A.1 cell line, in this case, the phytocomplex showed better results than the pure extract again, proposing a potential use for anti-inflammatory formulations. Both samples showed no toxicity to the tested cell line (J774A.1).