Avaliação de internações por condições sensíveis a atenção primária numa região de saúde

Abstract

Primary Health Care is considered the gateway to the health system, being responsible for the ordering of actions and services in the health care network. Studies indicate that primary care is able to solve up to 85% of health demands, through preventive and curative actions. In this sense, it has great potential to act in the prevention of hospitalizations due to conditions sensitive to primary care. However, it is observed that the Centro Sul Fluminense Region, with high coverage of the family health strategy, has the highest rates of hospitalizations for conditions sensitive to primary care, which is contrary to the findings in the literature. The objective was to get to know the coverage and health indicators of the Centro Sul Fluminense region and the municipalities that comprise it; identify and analyze the most frequent causes of Hospitalizations for Conditions Sensitive to Primary Care; the reasons, from the perspective of FHS professionals, of hospitalizations and the factors that can influence the effectiveness of the family health strategy. Research with a quantitative and qualitative approach, in which secondary data from the Information System on Hospital Admissions of the Unified Health System were used, having Hospital Admission Authorization as the basic instrument. Regarding the qualitative approach, focus groups were held with professionals from the Family Health Strategy teams in the participating municipalities. The most frequent causes of hospitalizations in the Centro Sul Fluminense region were those of cerebrovascular, cardiac, endocrine, renal and respiratory origin. The findings demonstrate that the decompensation of the chronic condition leads to hospitalizations that could be avoided with preventive and health promotion actions, in addition to routine monitoring in primary care units. Contributing factors to high rates of hospitalizations for conditions sensitive to primary care were identified, the lack of knowledge about this indicator, the lack of access to data on hospitalizations, the lack of effective mechanisms of reference and counter-referral, the lack of specialist professionals with a profile to work in the Family Health Strategy, in addition to incomplete teams. The results of this study point to the need to qualify primary services in both the strategic and executive spheres in order to impact the prevention of hospitalizations due to conditions sensitive to primary care.