A utilização da nanocelulose bacteriana para o tratamento de feridas crônicas e agudas: uma revisão de escopo

Abstract

The emmergence of wounds can have a considerable impact on people's lives, because they contribute to changes in daily activities and work. In the same way, it also interferes negatively in psychosocial aspects, which causes a deficit in body image, affecting social relationships and making them targets of stigma and precociousness. In addition, treatment for wound healing is costly for patients and the health system, so it is essential to develop therapeutic resources that are accessible and effective. Thus, with the advance of modern technology for wound healing, there was the advent of biotechnological dressings, such as bacterial nanocellulose. There are descriptions in studies of the scientific literature on the effectiveness of pure or modified bacterial nanocellulose dressings, however, some studies have found divergent results. Therefore, the objective of this study was to elaborate a scoping review in order to evaluate the use of bacterial nanocellulose for the treatment of chronic and acute wounds in the clinical context. For this, studies were searched between the months of november and december 2020 in the databases BVS, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase and MEDLINE via PubMed. Sixteen studies were selected for the final sample and, with the analysis of the results obtained by these studies, we sought to evaluate fundamental parameters for the healing process such as pain reduction, infection, wound size, healing time and costs. Therefore, it was possible to observe that the bacterial nanocellulose dressing was able to reduce levels of pain, infection, size of wounds and healing time. Likewise, it showed lower costs, demonstrating it is a promising biotechnological dressing for the treatment of wounds. In addition, it is suggested that there should be a greater investment in studies that prove the clinical efficacy of bacterial nanocellulose as a healing agent.