Produção e caracterização de dispositivos orgânicos fotovoltaicos (OPV’s): Um estudo das camadas transportadoras de cargas.

Abstract

One of the biggest challenges in current days is the clean renewable energy production. Once, we know the energy demands will keep growing. Thus, not only necessary great potential energetic sources to supply the increasing demand but also undemageable environmental sources. In this context, the solar energy is an excellent alternative. Due to its local performance, from solar cells installed in panel shapes, as a distributed generation sources. It is possible to reduce the costs with a distributed transmission, besides the substantially lower impact on the environment when compared to generations by other sources like hydroelectric and thermoelectric. The based silicon photovoltaic devices are at a relatively advanced stage; however, the production and maintenance cost is a barrier for the usage in high scale yet. Furthermore, these photovoltaic devices have a limited application because they are heavy and tough. As an alternative, the organics semiconductors have been used in the manufacture of organic cells OPV (In English Organic Photovoltaic). The OPVs are devices formed by thin films that can be applied and modeled in many locations for instance the glass of windows and they present themselves as a promising result for the photovoltaic market. In this work, a study about the organic photovoltaics “performance”, emphasizing the role they play as a charge carrier layer in these devices. Using as an active layer of blend of P3HT:PCBM. Firstly, it has been searched, as an alternative to the material we can found in the literature, how to functionalize graphene oxide with potassium to include in the electron carrier layer. Then, study the effects of adding SiO2 coated silver nanoparticles in the PEDOT:PSS, material widely used in the literature as a carrier layer of hole. Finally, studies were made of devices that received both modifications simultaneously.