Influência da deformação plástica no processo de esferoidização da perlita e suas consequências

Abstract

The railway section in the national territory is a necessary and sure bet for the evolution of the economy and related sectors, it needs a way to evolve this sector, the study and understanding of the microstructure of component materials is an alternative. Thus, with the focus on no material used in the manufacture of a wheel, the microstructure and its details interfere with the mechanical properties of the component material, such as the deformation caused by impacts on the wheel that can accelerate the spheroidization process of the wheel. perlite, interfering in the hardness of the steel. This then is the topic of study of this work, the influence of the plastic deformation on the spheroidization of the pearlite grain and its consequences, mainly the ovalization that will be the object of study of the tests. Initially, steel 1080 was also a test instrument, however, with the pandemic situation it was not possible to continue. With the analyzes made of the wheel of the model CP33 used in EFVM and the works already present in the literature, it was possible to relate the results and conclude that there are strong indications that the plastic deformation influences the spheroidization of the pearlite. They were analyzed microscopically that had undergone previous deformation (one side more than the other) and thus their hardnesses were later compared, thus realizing that the more deformation the greater the loss of hardness, that is, a structure changes at lower temperatures than it usually occurs when there is no deformation and is less hard. With the result, it was possible to attest that this differentiation in parameters such as temperature and deformation, would bring about a change in the properties of steel, which leads, for sectors of the railway, the need for precautions, adjustments and new manufacturing strategies to avoid the ovalization of the wheel.