A influência do posicionamento vertical dos primeiros molares superiores e inferiores nas relações verticais das estruturas esqueléticas faciais

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of vertical movement of upper and lower molars on the vertical dimension of individuals undergoing orthodontic treatment associated or not with the extraction of premolars. This is a retrospective observational study that evaluated 120 lateral cephalometric radiographs obtained from 60 initial (pre-treatment - T0) and final (at the end of orthodontic treatment - T1) orthodontic documentation of individuals undergoing orthodontic treatment. The sample consisted of sixty individuals, divided into two groups, as follows: G1 - individuals without extraction and G2 - individuals subjected to extraction of elements 14, 24, 34 and 44. Group 1 was composed of twenty female patients and ten male, with an average age of ± 17.32 years and a final age of ± 21.07 years. Group 2 consisted of nineteen female and eleven male patients, with an average age of ± 16.40 years and a final age of ± 20.63 years. The cephalometric radiographs were digitized and imported into the ImageJ software (National Institute of Mental Health, Maryland, USA). The cephalometric points and planes were marked for statistical analysis of the variables of interest in the study. The averages of all values obtained before and after treatment and the mean differences (T1-T0) were calculated to assess the statistical significance between the treatment times, between the groups and to assess the correlation between the AFAI with the angular and linear variables. In individuals undergoing orthodontic treatment associated or not with the extraction of four premolars, the increase in the lower anterior facial height was related to the extrusion of the lower and upper first molars.