Política de cotas na Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (2006-2012): eficácia e eficiência

Abstract

This work analyzes the results of the UFJF Policy of Quotas, from 2006 to 2012, under the aspects of efficacy (meeting the percentiles fixed by the Resolution 05/2005) and efficiency (measured by the academic performances of the students that entered UFJF in that period). Due to REUNI, vacancies in UFJF raised from 1,700 (2006) to 3,000 (2012) per year, and up to 16,6 thousands of candidates entered UFJF in this period, grouped in quotas: quota A (autodeclared negroes, egressed form public secondary schools), quota B (coming from public high schools), and quota C (private schools). The results in efficacy were not good, since the percentiles of A and B quota candidates approved were under the expected (40% of quota students, should be 50%, according to the Resolution). Grouped by course, the percentiles are nearly the same. Vacancies not occupied by A or B candidates (if they are not approved at the exams, or their quantity is less than the offered) were transfered to C candidates, that, in total, occupied 60% of the vacancies. In terms of efficiency, the percent of graduates is over 33% of C students, more than the 22% of A and B students. Among the graduates of the period, 70% are C students. In the period, circa 19% of C students and 17% of A and B students abandoned UFJF. In 2014, 48% of C students, 61% of B students and 63% of A students remained actives at the university. Non parametric statistical tests were applied on them, and the tests revealed that the IRA and the IRN of the B and C students are equivalents, but greater than the A students. The IRI, instead, showed that B students have the lower percents, followed by C students and A students. Meanwhile, the research revealed that the main factor that clearly determinates the efficiency and the scores of the students is the type of the second grade school they came from: when coming from federal public schools, their academic grades are greater than or equivalent of the private schools students. Students that come from state and city public schools have lower scores.