Identificação da hiperglicemia não diagnosticada em indivíduos com periodontite atendidos nas clínicas de odontologia da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - campus Governador Valadares

Abstract

Individuals with pre-diabetes have altered glycemic levels, are generally asymptomatic and are at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of periodontal individuals with undiagnosed hyperglycemia and associated impact factors. Between August 2018 and December 2019, 56 patients with periodontitis and without diabetes self-report, users of dental clinic services at the Federal University of Juiz de Fora - Governador Valadares campus, were included in this research. Socioeconomic and demographic data, anthropometric patterns, fasting capillary blood glucose and complete periodontal examination (six sites per tooth), were evaluated. The sample consisted of 56 individuals, 58.9% female, mean age 53 years old, 58.9% obese / overweight and 45.3% had a low level of education. A total of 28.6% (n = 16) participants had undiagnosed hyperglycemia (between 100 to 160 mm / dL), of which 81.3% were obese / overweight, 25% were smokers, 56.3% reported having a history of diabetes in the family, 93.8% had a family income up to 2 brazilian´s minimum wages. The prevalence of undiagnosed hyperglycemia among individuals with periodontitis was relevant (28.6%). BMI values were higher in the group of patients with hyperglycemia (29.8 ± 5.7, p = 0.03) compared to the group without hyperglycemia (26.6 ± 5.6). Patients with hyperglycemia had a greater number of sites with loss of insertion between 4 and 6 mm (p = 0.04) and Stage II Grade B generalized periodontitis (p = 0.02) when compared with normoglycemic group. It is concluded that, in the sample presented, hyperglycemic individuals were more obese or overweight and with more insertion loss due to periodontitis than normoglycemic individuals.