Requisitos de suporte de potência reativa para operação de usinas eólicas

Abstract

The penetration of wind farms in power systems has shown tremendous growth in Brazil and in the world due to the availability of the raw material, the wind, and the need to redefine the energy mix to reduce the environmental impacts from the electrical energy generation. However, the wind farms have variable outputs due to the variation of wind speeds. These outputs impact the power system and can affect the reliability and the voltage stability. Besides, the operation of some aerogenerators requires additional support of reactive power. An option for handling this feature and increasing the operative margins of power systems is the use of static VAr compensators (SVC) together with the wind farms. These FACTS devices (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) provide a variable reactive power support, with a fast control according to the operational requirements of the aerogenerators. In this sense, this work presents a methodology for the optimal adjustment of the SVC parameters to give reactive power support for wind farms operating in power systems. The proposed methodology considers different wind scenarios to represent the variations of the wind farms outputs. The problem is modeled through an optimal power flow (OPF) and the Benders decomposition technique. The SVC parameters for adjustment are its reference voltage and the coefficient of its characteristic curve in stable state. It can be highlighted that the adjustment of this coefficient is innovative for the literature. Tests with systems of the IEEE are performed to validate the proposed methodology.