Evolução do peso corporal de mulheres assistidas pela Estratégia de Saúde da Família: estudo longitudinal com cinco anos de seguimento

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The overweight of the population is a growing worldwide concern, especially in relation to weight gain, as there are numerous consequences for health and quality of life. Overweight is known to have multifactorial causes, and in these meaning women are a special feature of the population for their physiological, reproductive peculiarities, among others. OBJECTIVES: To identify the change in nutritional status and the mean variation in BMI occurring within five years in women assisted by the Family Health Strategy and associated factors. METHODOLOGY: Observational follow-up study, conducted with a cohort of 470 women aged 20 to 59 years in a community of a medium-sized municipality in Minas Gerais. Data were collected by trained professionals through a questionnaire and the measurement of weight and height measurements in two waves. Factors associated with nutritional status change were obtained through Multinomial Logistic Regression and mean BMI variation by Linear Regression, both respecting a hierarchical conceptual model. RESULTS: In the first wave of the study, the mean age was 38.7 years (± 10.6) and the average body weight measured was 70.7kg (± 16.4), in the second wave was 42.9 years. (± 10.7) and 73.5kg (± 17.1). The outcome variable, change in nutritional status, showed that 75.9% of women maintained the same classification in both waves, 19.6% increased and 4.5% decreased. The highest chances of increased BMI classification were associated with early menarche (OR = 1.78 CI 1.04 - 3.04) and low bean intake (OR = 2.01 CI 1.14 - 3.55), while not knowing the current weight (OR = 0.39 CI 0.17 - 0.91) and receiving few visits from the ACS (OR = 0.32 CI 0.14 - 0.70) were less likely. The decrease in BMI classification was associated with the fact that women did not exercise paid activity (OR = 2.68 CI 1.08 - 6.63). On average, women increased 1.1(± 2.9) kg / m2 BMI in the range, early menarche and participation in community groups were associated with the average gain in BMI and increased age impacted a lower gain. CONCLUSION: The women in the sample increased their body weight within five years and the results confirm the multicausality of the associated factors.