O uso de objetos de aprendizagem para o ensino e aprendizagem de estatística no ensino médio

Abstract

This work presents the trajectory and the results obtained from a research carried out in the scope of the Professional Masters in Mathematics Education of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), by focusing on the final stage of Basic Education,i.e., High School. This research aimed to promote, through the use of Learning Objects (LO), the development of the Skill 27, present in competence 07 of the “Mathematics Curriculum” of the National High School Examination (ENEM), which consists by calculating measures of central or dispersion of a set of data expressed in a table of data frequencies grouped (not in classes) or in graphics, through a Learning Object. This skill 27 was selected due to its low accuracy in Statistics issues rated by ENEM in the years 2014, 2015 and 2016. The Learning Object developed is called "Learning Measures" aims to promote teaching and learning of this ability, the treatment of the main competences related to statistical teaching: literacy, reasoning and statistical thinking. The validation of this learning object occurred through the application of this to high school students in a public school in the Minas Gerais countryside. The verification of the LO contribution was made through the analysis of the results obtained in a pre-test then a post-test. It was observed by Student's t-test (for paired samples) that there was a statistically significant difference from the pre-test to the post-test, which shows an improvement after the use of the LO. In addition, as results of this work, we have the analysis of the ENEM microdata, which present low rated results in the issues related to statistics and probability, thus pointing to the need to devote more attention to the teaching and learning of these contents. It is hoped that the Learning Object Learning Measures can be used by other teachers as a way to enhance the process of teaching and learning Statistics and contribute to the construction of literacy and statistical reasoning, as identified in this paper. In order to help potential users, a user´s guide with guidelines and suggested answers for the proposed activities was developed (Educational Product).