Estimação de estados em redes de distribuição de energia elétrica baseada em medições fasoriais

Abstract

This work presents a new approach to the State Estimation problem in Electrical Distribution Networks using historical data loads and measurements obtained by Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). In this formulation voltage magnitudes and angles are chosen as state variables and the problem is mathematically formulated as an optimization problem with equality and inequality constraints. The objective function is formed by the quadratic sum of weighted measurements residues, which are defined as the difference between the PMU measurements and the calculated values. The equality constraints are defined as the zero injections of active and reactive power at the no load buses. The inequality constraints are associated with active and reactive powers of non-monitored buses, bounded by a given limit, superior or inferior in relation to historical data loads (active and reactive powers). Case studies are performed using a simple 10-bus test system, and the 33 and 84 buses IEEE test systems. The data phasor measurements were obtained using a computer program that calculates power flow. The state estimation results using the proposed methodology were obtained through simulations in MATLAB environment and compared with the results of power flow program for validation. The use of synchronized phasor measurement at the beginning and at the end of the lateral feeders of the distribution system associated with the use of inequality constraints for active and reactive power for the non-monitored loads are the main contributions of this work.