Estudo sobre o Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso do Biodiesel (PNPB). Uma análise sobre os municípios produtores de soja e as cooperativas de agricultura familiar

Abstract

This work evaluates the National Program of Production and Use of Biodiesel (PNPB) about its e ects over family farm. The thesis performs a descriptive analysis about the biodiesel sector showing the major world producers and how their biodiesel policies di er of the Brazilian one. Additionally it's presented the companies that produce the biofuel and where these are established, which crops are cultivate and the reasons of soybean be the mainly biodiesel raw material. After that, was analyzed the social reasons of the policy. Were estimated the e ects of the program on the price received by producers, wages paid to workers and the municipal productivity of soybean. The obtained results indicate that in participants PNPB municipalities, there was an increase in the price received and paid wages compared with other cities soy producers, but productivity, seems to have not been a ected by the policy. Lastly, in order to advance the estimation of the e ect of PNPB on municipal soybean productivity, is considered in the production function the number of producers of soy family farming cooperatives in order to infer whether the arrangement in cooperatives could a ect productivity, and thereby investigate how family farms can contribute to the expansion of agricultural production and fostering the possible e ects of the national biodiesel program. But, according to the obtained estimates, there were no signi cant e ects of the form of organization of production on productivity. The absence of evidence of signi cant impacts of PNPB on productivity can be an indication that, for Brazil act as a major global producer of biodiesel, is necessary for the biodiesel policy become complementary to the agricultural production of oil, and not a priority action such as that proposed by law, above all, because the program is totally dependent on a single crop that has shown decreasing productivity returns.