O sistema geomorfológico de Campos Gerais: aspectos dinâmicos e estruturais na evolução do relevo regional

Abstract

The terrestrial modeling undergoes several transformations due to endogenous and exogenous factors occurring over the years, many of these processes are still far from being unveiled by man, but others are increasingly present in analyzes, proposals and conclusions developed along the ensuing research on the processes in the Earth system. The present research proposes to perform a geomorphological analysis of the municipality of Campos Gerais in order to reveal the processes involved in the landscape, understanding the configuration of the geomorphological system of the study area, and how this influence in the dynamic and evolutionary processes of the regional relief. The municipality is located in the south of Minas Gerais in the microregion of Varginha, having as neighboring cities, Boa Esperança and Campo do Meio to the north, Santana da Vargem and Três Pontas to the east, Paraguaçu and Fama to the south and Alfenas to the west. Together with these cities, it forms part of the Circuito das Águas, which includes the entire Furnas Dam complex. The relief of the area is composed of steep structural ridges aligned in the E-W direction, elevated levels, hills, morrotes, hills, terraces and plains. Vegetation cover and land use are highlighted by the occurrence of Semidecidual Seasonal Forest, pastures, temporary crops and predominance of coffee plantations. The basis of the research is based on the systemic approach from the General Theory of Systems, proposed by the biologist Ludwig von Bertalanffy and applied in Geomorphology from Chorley's conceptions. The applied methodology is based on the perspective of the landscape physiology advocated by the geographer Aziz Nacib Ab'Saber, propagating the three levels of approach proposed by him, the subdivision of the relief, the surface structure of the landscape and the physiology of the landscape, giving greater emphasis on the first level. In the course of the work morphological and morphostructural compartmentalization maps were elaborated, which supported the elaboration of the geomorphological map, of great importance in the aid of the interpretations on the surface processes. The results obtained will provide theoretical support for future socio-environmental planning for the municipality.