Mortalidade por câncer bucal no Brasil entre 2008 e 2016: estudo descritivo

Abstract

Introduction: Cancer is a chronic degenerative disease that has been growing throughout the world. Oral cancer is a neoplastic located in the oral cavity, which oropharynx is included. It shows multifactorial etiology, after the interaction of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. When it is not healed, it may result in deformations and death. Objective: To study cancer mortality rates caused by oral cancer, manly on the lips, oral cavity and oropharynx, in Brazil and its geographical regions. Methods: A study has been done, which included the records of the Mortality Information System (SIM/SUS) about mortality rates caused in Brazil by oral cancers between 2008 and 2016. The numbers of specific mortality rates and proportional mortality rates have been calculated. Results: During the study period it was possible to notice an annual increase in the number of deaths and the southeast region had the highest register so far. Espírito Santo had the highest mortality rate among states. Regarding the death and location of the lesions, the oropharynx was more frequent. The predominant profile was white, short and married men in addition to the low level of schooling. Conclusions: Oral cancer has been statistically growing. Due to it, preventive actions for general population and health professionals are needed for early diagnosis and timely treatment to reduce mortality caused by this malignant neoplasm.