A relação entre áreas verdes e saúde na cidade de Juiz de Fora - MG

Abstract

Cities occupy a privileged place in debates about environmental issues because the process of urbanization occurred in the twentieth century reached the milestone of 84% of the brazilian population living in urban areas. This growing urbanization, which combined with a planned space for densification policies, make more people face the prospect of living in residential environments with less green spaces. Therefore, planning is necessary with bases mandatorily technical-scientific, to organize a space that is disputed by various purposes such as, circulation, housing, infrastructure, etc. Although some studies discuss the importance and influence of green areas on quality of life, in Brazil there are few efforts aimed at linking urban green space and health, in a quantitative manner. However, this does not happen abroad where, for example, we can find some current research focused on this field. The objective of this dissertation is to investigate whether there is a significant relationship between free public urban green areas and health indicators in Juiz de Fora - MG. To this end, we conducted an epidemiological survey, which was done a statistical analysis linking health data, represented by rates of hospitalizations health system - SUS due to three causes of hospitalizations (mental illness, cardiovascular and respiratory) and data areas green, represented by the Green Area Index - IAV. The results show that only the relationship between the rates of hospitalization for respiratory diseases and green areas was significant. We conclude that the negative results for cardiovascular and mental illness may have been caused due to the type of data, in case the hospitalization, to be a very intense given regarding health, which may have hampered the statistical relevance.