Ensino profissionalizante de nível médio e seus efeitos sobre desempenho escolar e inserção produtiva: uma análise recente a partir de dados do Censo Escolar e ENEM

Abstract

One of the millennium goals for Brazil is improving educational outcomes. Although the access to education at all levels has increased in the last two decades, the quality of Brazilian education is still considered low by internal and external evaluations. In this context, it is important to discuss the role of the vocational and technical education and training (VTET) of middle level. This type of training can be integrated or made subsequent to regular education. It the first case, it is characterized as a transition to the university, while in the second case, it improves the access to the labor market. In this dissertation, we explore the Censo Escolar database from years 2007 to 2012, and ENEM database, from years 2009-2010, both collected by Inep. This study evaluates the effects of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) on the mid-level proficiency and productive insertion of the student. The results of the estimates with propensity score matching show an average treatment effect between 4 and 13.5 points in the standardized score of Language and Writing, respectively. There are also significant effects on the productive insertion, on average, there is an increase between 1.2 and 1.3 percentage points in the probability of being employed, and 17 percentage points in the probability of being employed in their area of technical education and training, for TVET students comparing to other students.