Planejando a ultrapassagem: políticas industriais e setor automotivo no Brasil e na China

Abstract

The present study aims to compare the industrial policies for the automotive sector in Brazil and China, their results and the industry response, especially the policies carried out in the 21st century. From a division into three periods – catching up, market reforms and resumption of explicit industrial policies -, and based on the path dependenceʹs concept, we emphasize the importance of the previous legacy in the sectorʹs trajectory and the effects of the industrial policy. In Brazil, the domestic manufacturers did not survived the first phase, while the national suppliers lasted until the 21st century, even though a strong denationalization process happened in the 1990s. China was marked by the state-owned enterprises created in the first period, by the FDI since the 1980s into joint ventures and by the emergence of independent firms in the late 1990s. Despite the differences in trajectory and legacy, in both cases industrial policies were resumed in the 21st century in order to combat similar dilemmas and to shape the behavior of firms towards innovation.