Uma aproximação às categorias da alienação, fetichismo e consciência em Marx

Abstract

The research aims to investigate the relation established between the categories of alienation, fetish and conscience according to Marxian theory. This theme received attention from scholars because of its complexity, allowing us to approach some of Marx and Engels most important works, such as Os Manuscritos econômico-filosóficos de 1844, A sagrada família,Teses sobre Feuerbach, A ideologia alemã, A miséria da filosofia, o Manifesto Comunista, os Grundrisse and O Capital. We also based our research in recent authors of the Marxist tradition: Michel Lowy; Itsván Mészáros; José Paulo Netto; Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez, Mauro Luis Iasi, Roman Rosdolksy and others. The dissertation is divided into two chapters. In the first chapter we seek to present a brief review of Marx intellectual development and how the category of alienation is approached by the author, from the Manuscritos de 1844 to O capital. In the second chapter we conducted an assessment of how Marx deals with issues related to conscience and the role it plays inside the category of praxis. Our goal was to understand the relation between material life and its correspondent conscience. Based on our research, we reached the conclusion that Marx perceives the need to overcome the capitalist mode of production through a practical movement, putting end to the alienation and fetish. For this outcome a social revolutions is necessary, thus giving birth to new ways of producing social life.