Desvelando o ser-mulher-que-vivencia-o-pré- operatório-de-histerectomia: contribuições para o cuidado em saúde

Abstract

Hysterectomy represents the most frequently non-obstetrical gynecological surgical procedure in developed countries. The body changes result in psychoemotional consequences, so the removal of the uterus causes changes in self-esteem, self-image and concepts that involve being woman. The preoperative phase is a fundamental moment of patient assistance, aiming to understand the preparation of the surgical process, the surgical act itself and the postoperative moment with its restrictions and necessary care to the reestablishment of her health. The objective was to understand the meanings and unveil the senses of being a woman that experience the hysterectomy’s preoperative. Research of a qualitative nature with a phenomenological approach, based on the theoretical, philosophical and methodological reference of Martin Heidegger. The participants of the research were fourteen women in hysterectomy’s preoperative. The analysis was possible after the transcript in full, reading and successive re-reading of the interviews in order to identify the essential structures, making possible the identification of Units of Significance: to accept to do the surgery; suffer with deregulated menstruation, bleeding, pain, cramps and to do exams; to experience anxiety, worries, nervousness, insecurity, sadness and fear; to feel relieved and believe that the surgery will bring improvement; support herself in God and feel well care in the hospital. The Comprehensive Analysis was constructed and, after emerge the guiding thread of hermeneutics, the Interpretive Analysis. In the facticity, the being-woman-in-preoperative-of-hysterectomy was affected by the uterine pathology that caused to the necessity of surgery. Everyday women experienced periods of intense bleeding and pain that impacted their being-in-world, limiting in the public world and surrounding, unveiling in inauthenticity and impersonality. Her understanding of the surgical moment was unveiled through talk, curiosity and ambiguity. She decayed while transferring the safety of surgery to the the health team and her possibility of cure to God. In the shared world, being-in-the-world-with-the-family, she experienced the dread, horror and terror. Unveil the senses of being-woman-in- hysterectomy’s-preoperative made it possible to emphasize the fundamental role of health team, which uses the preoperative visit as an important instrument for the nurse-patient relationship, moment of orientation and listening, which propitiates the understanding of their needs and assists in the planning and elaboration of an action plan focused on their specificities. It’s fundamental that services welcome the being-woman and not just the body. That the professionals pause the mechanicity in which they perform their works and understand the being-woman in her existential dimension.