Sentidos sobre a monocultura de eucalipto no município de Lima Duarte (MG): educabilidades possíveis a partir da educação ambiental e da educação do campo

Abstract

Eucalyptus monoculture emerges as an alternative to supply the growing demand for products of forest origin. With a fast-growing crop, great adaptability to the diverse conditions of climate and soil, and significant potential of use, quickly gained space in the market. However, due to the possible environmental impacts and conflicting processes that it has caused, such as the accelerated destruction of ecosystems and the deterritorialization of individuals, eucalyptus monocultures have become a threat to the natural resources and the people of the countryside. Given this context of socio-environmental inequalities, the objective of this research is to understand teachers‟ perceptions about environmental problems/ conflicts / injustices arising from eucalyptus monoculture in the city of Lima Duarte-MG and its implications for education. In order to understand the environmental problem, a dialogue is proposed between Environmental Education and Field Education, based on a reflection of the capitalist hegemonic model, which is responsible for numerous environmental injustice processes. With the intention of apprehending the senses about the environmental problem, we use the Critical Discourse Analysis as a theoretical and methodological reference of research. The discourses of the interviewed educators showed monoculture as a local environmental problem, identifying processes of social and environmental inequalities arising from the practice. There was a predominance of conservationist and pragmatic environmental perspectives, which may be related to hegemonic discourses that circulate in the media and in public power, such as agribusiness. There are also signs of discursive hybridization about socio-environmental risks / damages / injustices processes, with the invisibility of processes of injustice and local confrontation. By focusing on the curriculum and its educational practices, the educators‟ discourses elucidated a distancing from the local context, with the invisibility of processes of local problems / conflicts / environmental injustices and the tensions in the production and reproduction of other pedagogies in the face of hegemonic pedagogies. Thus, the research allowed to understand how the local environmental injustices are being thought and problematized in the school, as well as the role of subjects and collective in the recognition and confrontation of the same ones.