Escolas rurais do município de Juiz de Fora – MG: história e histórias a serem contadas

Abstract

A life story that joins many others. With this personal motivation of someone who has its roots in the countryside is that this work begins to be developed, it is proposing to reflect on the life of men and women of the field in the midst of their communities, focusing the look to their schools. Yes, schools in the countryside that need visibility in a time of uncertainty, denial of rights and identities. In this sense, searching and analyzing the stories that tell us the documentary records and the oral narratives about rural schools in Juiz de Fora was the problem that guided this research trajectory. We seek to analyze this question from the individual memories, in other words, from the impressions that the school left on the lives of those who participated directly or indirectly. The methodological path to be followed have like guide the Narrative Investigation, where Oral History was inserted as the main instrument of the research. The documentary analysis used at the initial moment of the research was fundamental to understand the current panorama of the rural schools of Juiz de Fora, besides it pointing ways to the second stage: Oral History interviews. The general objective was to analyze the path taken by rural schools and communities in Juiz de Fora, telling this story from the people who live or lived in the communities of Torreões and Monte Verde and who are linked to the school in the past or present: students, teachers and the school community, reflecting how these stories dialogue with those in the official records. I have as interlocutors the interviewees, who shared their stories and knowledge about the theme that guides this work, in addition to the contribution of several authors who based the reflections. Alves Filho, Aníbal Quijano and Arturo Escobar helped us to understand the roots of the stereotype of the socially constructed peasant, whose sources go back to the bases of modern Western thought. Michel de Certeau and Paulo Freire gave the keynote of the discussion about the common subject and his daily life. Marlene Ribeiro, Miguel Arroyo, Mançano Fernandes and Roseli Caldart were some of the authors that enabled us to think rural and countryside education in the Brazilian reality. Finally, Paul Thompson has helped us to think of oral history as a methodology for working reality from the subjects that compose it. Finally, we highlight the findings about the history and stories of rural schools in the municipality of Juiz de Fora, advocated by the people who participated and possible dialogues with the legislation and documents found. The results constitute a narrative that we consider unprecedented about rural schools and, as we have seen, were the first schools of the municipal school network.