Por uma vanguarda revolucionária: estratégias do PCB junto aos trabalhadores urbanos em Minas Gerais (1945-1964)

Abstract

The thesis analyzes the strategies used by the Brazilian Communist Party in Minas Gerais, to establish their actions with the urban working class, between the years of 1945 and 1964. The choice of the temporal cut is duo two factors: Firstly, because at this period PCB realized a restructuration process and expansion of their activities in the whole federation and, expands their influence in several working categories. Secondly, duo to the identification of qualitative and quantitative sources which subsidize the analyzes.The option for Minas Gerais contributes to deepen the thematic related about the workers moviments and PCB‘s trajectory, beyond the axis of what we have as commonly appreciated by the historiographic studies. To a greater extent, researchers turned to national scope analyzes or concentrate themselves about the examination of the experiences of the association in the inner cities, around the areas of the south or southeast of the country, like Rio Grande do Sul, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. The research hypothesis lies in the conception of what, despite of the clandestinity and repression; the communists still exercise their actions in politics and in between the working class movements. Thereunto, they instituted strategies, supported by the study of Minas Gerais case. Thus, at the beginning, a theorical discussion, about the study object, is developed and treats on the pioneer experiences of Minas Gerais association. Posteriorly, we analyze the trajectory of consolidation of the pecebistas actions in the capital and inner cities. We realize the work of mapping the cities which developed a nucleus, cellular and headquarters of PCB to point out the operating radius of the party in the state. We emphasize that the identification of the regions where PCB dedicated greater attention to the urban working class, in locations situated in downtown, south and in the forest area.We Discussed about the theorical conceptions, politics and ideology that influenced the paths and strategies used by the communists in the ―ground of corporations‖. We observe, based in case studies, the tactics taken to establish the exchange of actions together with the workers. It is understood, not only the successes and contributions of the pecebistas to the workers movements, but the failures and problems to the establishment of the articulation between the subjects whose didn‘t have conceptions of left wing ideology. Finally, we analyze, in particular, by the use of oral sources – the trajectory of individuals, which the personal and professional experiences are diametrically connected to the History of PCB. Through these trajectories we observe the tactics adopted by the party in order to keep themselves active in the political dynamics of the country, spite of the clandestinity. This research subsidizes the diffusion of the studies about the workers and their trajectory of resistance of PCB, party, which the historical of clandestinity confounds itselves with the path of superation to the unfavorable determinants. The thesis uses party documents and materials done by the agents of organizations oriented by the repression, besides journals and interviews.