O cotidiano do professor da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora: saúde emocional e relacional no trabalho

Abstract

The Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF) is a scientific and cultural center of a region of 2.5 million inhabitants in the Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais. The health of the higher education teacher is a subject still little explored by the researches in Brazil, despite the growing preoccupation with the teaching work and with the exhausting routine that has been characteristic of higher education. The current characteristics of teaching work in higher education have altered work experiences and their meaning, as well as impacting teachers' emotional health. The present study aims to investigate the routine of higher education teachers at the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), and levels of work stress, bullying, mobbing, anxiety and depression. The present research used a quantitative and qualitative methodology with the higher education teachers of the different departments and academic units of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF) that were selected through the simple stratified sampling method. The quantitative and descriptive data collection phase was performed with 159 teachers and aimed at assessing the prevalence of anxiety, depression, work stress and moral harassment in the work of UFJF teachers, as well as socio-demographic data of the studied population and Correlation between the variables. The instruments of data collection were: socio-demographic questionnaire, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI); Baptist Depression Scale (Adult Version) EBADEP-A; Job Stress Scale (abridged version) JSS; Occupational Scale of Moral Harassment. The qualitative phase used semi-structured interviews submitted to the thematic content analysis technique, which is a technique of analysis of texts and interviews and was carried out with six UFJF professors. Data analysis was performed descriptive and exploratory analysis of quantitative data and content analysis in the qualitative phase. As a quantitative result, the socio-demographic profile of the sample stands out initially: 54.8% of the sample is male, 28.4% have twenty years of experience in higher education, while about 30% have between 4 and 6 Years as a UFJF professor and 64% participate in postgraduate programs. Data on the participants' emotional profile indicate that only 3.5% of the teachers present symptoms indicative of depression, while 28.5% present symptoms indicative of anxiety. Considering the level of significance of 5%, it is possible to point out a correlation between Dimensions 1 and 3 of bullying and Total Anxiety (p <0.001, p <0.001). There was no statistical association between the three dimensions of bullying and total stress (p = 0.162, p = 0.095, p = 0.825). The interviews revealed the teachers' grueling routine and the implications on emotional health, as well as lack of confidence in interpersonal relationships. The data of the present research reveal the necessity to be careful with the routine of the teacher.