Prevalência e fatores associados ao consumo de álcool e de tabaco: inquérito populacional com idosos de Juiz de Fora - MG

Abstract

The ageing of the population is occurring rapidly, especially in developing countries, leading to important social and economic challenges. Although aging is a natural process, also leads the body to various anatomical and functional changes, with repercussions on health conditions. The aging process is associated with increased susceptibility to chronic diseases, disabilities, psychosocial problems and comorbidities, which can ease the abusive consumption of psychoactive substances, such as tobacco and alcohol, imposing on states and society a series of new demands in health, and it gradually generates a big population problem, since the number of elderly people in the world is enhancing. Smoking and alcoholism are compromise not only life expectancy, but also the quality of life. The present study aims to evaluate the associated factors and the prevalence of the use of tobacco and alcohol among the elderly people that live in the northern part of Juiz de Fora city, Minas Gerais. This is a cross-sectional study, conducted through home survey, with a sample of 423 elderly citizens, with whom interviews were conducted through a questionnaire, including the tests of Fagerström e Audit-C. The data were subjected to statistical analysis descriptive and multinomial regression. The prevalence of elderly smokers was 9%, 32% of former smokers and the people that consume alcoholic beverages was 26.7% and concomitant use of it 3.2%. In multinomial logistic regression model, the features that remained attached to significantly to smoking were male sex, 60 to 70 years old; and presence of auto referred health problems; and the consumption of alcohol, male sex and fragility. Conclusion, the elderly people that live in the community which consumes alcoholic beverages and/or that are smoker represents a low prevalence, however, almost unique, they have bad conditions of health and lack of self-sufficiency, compromising the health and quality of life. As for the profile, there are similarities with regard to socio-demographic and health aspects, suggesting the possibility of a more targeted approach to these individuals.