Estudo da degradação de polímeros e blendas aplicados à bovinocultura

Abstract

The polymers are a particular group of macromolecules (high molecular weight molecules formed by long chains of atoms) characterized by the repetition of one or more atomic groups (monomer), which are responsible for the formation of the polymeric chain and consequently its physicochemical characteristics chemical. Its properties are principally derived from interactions among the elements of its macrostructure (intramolecular interactions) or other compounds (intermolecular interactions). The polymer blends are formed from a mixture of two or more polymers in order to obtain a new material with different properties of the polymers originated. The production of polymer blends is a simple and inexpensive way to obtain new polymeric materials, since there is no need to perform syntheses. In the study of a polymer blend two factors must be evaluated, the miscibility and compatibility the study of a polymer blend two factors must be evaluated, the miscibility and compatibility, and the preparation and study of the blends are an important part of polymer science. Although the blends are already widely used and studied the effects of polymer mixture in the degradation and stabilization processes are not understood. The polymers can be divided into several classes including biodegradable polymers that are part of an emerging field research; a great many biodegradable polymers have been synthesized recently and some microorganisms and enzymes are capable of degrading them. Thus this work we studied at first compatibility miscibility of polymer blends involving mixing of non-biodegradable and biodegradable polymers, using spectroscopic techniques (infrared and Raman) and thermal analysis (TG and DSC). Then the degradation of these polymers was carried out by studying their stability when subjected to the action of proteolytic enzymes in the rúmen (by Raman and infrared analysis) and undergoing degradation in the soil, in this case in addition to analysis by Raman and infrared spectroscopy it is study loss of mass of the material over time. In order to study the cellular toxicity of some blends were conducted to evaluate the possibility of its application in veterinary medicine.