Modernização e higienismo: controle sanitário e gesto político-científica na Manchester Mineira (1891-1906)

Abstract

During transition processes for the capitalism relationship in Brazil an idea of scientific and modern diffusion, where Sanitary Medicine, guided on European models, was significant part to propose a drastic intervention on public space, to promote the salubrious and the organization of city centers. Juiz de Fora is a sample of this development that happens on biggest city centers on first years of Brazilian republic. So, Juiz de Fora stands out on Zona da Mata and on whole state because of its economic power. Such position was observed as incoherent within its disorientate urban growing that was happening specially on town. Yearning for an implementation of modern sanitary project by the local elite through town council, that could set the town on big cities status, been necessary for so an urban restart aiming for an epidemics contention and to make city beautiful. Aiming into achieve those goals, Juiz de Fora town council retakes sanitary plan instituted on imperial age and, with Medicine and Surgery Society support, reorganizes using habits and customs from Rio de Janeiro. Based on legal apparatus created for, the sanity authorities supervise, intimidate and constantly set fees on local people. These, by their way, react to sanitary appeal, trying to avoid the prophylactic action and the high fees applied that interferes directly on its modus vivendi- way to live. The sanitary practices that occurs in Juiz de Fora reveals very similar to those ones developed on Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo, even that firstone been placed inn the state and didn’t had same importance as statescapitals.