Investigação dos domínios climáticos do território brasileiro e sua influência nas prescrições normativas acerca da durabilidade do concreto

Abstract

The durability of reinforced and prestressed concrete structures is a central challenge in civil engineering, particularly in a country of continental dimensions and climatic diversity such as Brazil. The Brazilian standard ABNT NBR 6118:2023 classifies environmental aggressiveness through qualitative micro-environment typologies, a criterion that may fail to capture the macroclimatic variability of the territory. Considering this gap, this dissertation investigated the macroclimatic aggressiveness of Brazil and its relationship with the normative durability prescriptions, aiming to quantify it through variable-specific geographic profiles, spatialize them by climatic domain, and distinguish natural from anthropogenic influence. The qualitativequantitative methodology relied on data from meteorological stations and remote sensing, covering thermodynamic and chemical variables, each classified into three interpretative classes – low/negligible, moderate, and high/critical – and spatialized into individual maps. The results revealed that aggressiveness is not homogeneously distributed nor does it directly follow the normative typologies, organizing into two groups of domains: one with relative humidity in the high/critical class, which supplies the electrolyte for corrosion, and another with temperature in the moderate class, which accelerates ionic diffusion. It is concluded that the Brazilian macroclimate is largely more aggressive than the normative typologies assume, offering technical support for future normative revision.