Prevalência do infarto agudo do miocárdio na população jovem brasileira: um estudo ecológico 2012-2022

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death in Brazil and worldwide. Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is an event that occurs due to the cessation of blood flow in the coronary arteries. In recent years, there has been a concerning increase in the rates of this event among young individuals. Objective: To analyze the prevalence of hospitalizations due to AMI in the young Brazilian population from 2012 to 2022, based on data from the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SIH-SUS). Methodology: This is an ecological, temporal trend, and retrospective study that uses data from SIH-SUS. Hospitalizations for which the primary cause was acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in young Brazilians aged 15 to 29 years, between January 2012 and December 2022, were analyzed. A simple linear regression analysis was performed, considering a p-value < 0,05 for statistically significant differences. Results: From 2012 to 2022, 9,564 hospitalizations for AMI were recorded in the young Brazilian population. The prevalence across the entire Brazilian territory was 1.39 hospitalizations per 100,000 young people in 2012 and 2.65 hospitalizations per 100,000 young people in 2022. Through the analysis of cases using simple linear regression, an increase of 0.100 per 100,000 young people in the prevalence of AMI-related hospitalizations was identified over the studied period. Conclusion: It is concluded that there was an increase in the prevalence of hospitalizations due to AMI among young Brazilians, particularly in the Southern and Central-Western regions.