Tratamento conservador de cisto inflamatório residual: relato de caso

Abstract

Odontogenic cysts, such as residual inflammatory cysts, are pathological lesions associated with dental tissues. Despite being benign, they have a high capacity for bone destruction, making the correct diagnosis and treatment essential. Generally, as a result of tooth extraction without adequate curettage, these cysts can be asymptomatic; however, in advanced cases, they cause bone expansion and functional impairment. The objective of this study was to present a clinical case of conservative treatment of a residual inflammatory cyst, highlighting its characteristics and clinical results. The female patient, 54 years old, attended the dental clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF) with a referral for evaluation of a lesion on the mandibular body, suspected of potential malignancy. Initially, the diagnostic hypotheses were unicystic ameloblastoma and odontogenic keratocysts. After anamnesis and clinical and imaging examinations, the diagnostic hypothesis was directed to a residual inflammatory cyst. Incisional biopsy and histopathological analysis were performed, which confirmed the diagnosis. The treatment initially consisted of cyst decompression, followed by enucleation. After 27 months of follow-up, the patient showed complete regression of the lesion and good clinical recovery and oral rehabilitation with complete dentures. Therefore, an accurate diagnosis is essential for therapeutic success. The conservative approach using decompression followed by surgical enucleation has been shown to be effective in the management of extensive inflammatory cysts, promoting good clinical results.