Análise shift-share no mercado de trabalho do setor de tecnologia de informação e comunicação do Brasil

Abstract

This study analyzes the structural changes in the labor market of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector in Brazil between 2006 and 2022, using the Differential-Structural Analysis (shift-share) methodology in the Esteban-Marquillas extension. The main objective is to identify the growth of the workforce employed in the information and communication technology sector, aiming to understand how the labor dynamics in this sector contribute to the evolutions and structural transformations of Brazilian mesoregions. The research uses data from the Annual Report of Social Information (RAIS) and the National Classification of Economic Activities (CNAE 2.0) to outline an overview of the labor market in the ICT sector in Brazil. The shift-share methodology allows us to decompose employment growth into three components: structural effect, competitive effect, and allocation effect. This decomposition makes it possible to identify whether employment growth in a region is due to its specialization in dynamic sectors, its ability to attract companies and workers to specific sectors, or a combination of these two factors. The conclusive results indicate a significant increase in the workforce in the ICT sector in Brazil during the analyzed period, evidencing the growth and relevance of the sector for the Brazilian economy. The shift-share analysis shows that the ICT sector workforce not only grew in absolute terms, but also induced structural changes in Brazilian mesoregions, with some standing out for their dynamism and others showing less dynamism.