A militarização das escolas públicas e o conservadorismo na educação

Abstract

The rise of neoconservative ideology has been seen in many parts of the world. The defense of traditional values, the incisive criticism of progressive policies, commonly associated with hate speech against minority groups, and the growth of neoliberal currents are some of the proposals of this movement that has taken hold in national politics and has come to guide various areas of our society, including education. For this reason, this study, which is part of the Languages, Cultures and Knowledge line of research, sought to analyse the extent to which the militarization of public schools in Brazil is a constituent part of maintaining the neo-conservative movement that has established itself on the national political scene over the last decade, since its implementation has been configured as a government programme belonging to political groups aligned with conservative assumptions. The research was carried out using bibliographic documentary methodology and analyzed data extracted from books, articles, research developed in dissertations and theses, as well as data contained in official federal government documents on Civic-Military Schools. The research is based on the studies presented by Apple (2003), Harvey (2005), Lacerda (2018), Brown (2019), Lima, Hypolito (2019), Santos et al (2019), Santos (2020), Santos, Alves (2023), among others. The methodology used was the historicaldialectical materialist approach, which allows for an interpretation of social reality through historical materiality. In this way, I tried to unveil the relationship between the rise of the conservative movement and the relationship of force and power present in the implementation of public policies in the field of education, as well as the expansion of the militarization of civic-military schools. I then reflected on the growth of military personnel in political representation as a constituent part of the process of conservative ideologization in society, described in the document Projeto de Nação (Nation Project), which demonstrated at the end of the research that the civic-military school model is the result of the interests of neoconservative groups, who seek to establish a school with controlling and anti-democratic teaching, with a logic of civicmindedness under blind obedience, empty of critical content, which seeks to institute and establish social control through authoritarian and regulatory teaching.