Tecido ceratinizado e saúde periimplantar: revisão de literatura

Abstract

The presence of peri-implant keratinized tissue (TC) is accepted as a protective factor against peri-implant diseases because it reduces plaque levels, gingival indices, bleeding on probing and painful sensitivity during hygiene when compared to peri-implant areas with an inadequate range of TC, since it has a better structure. Obtaining an TC width and thickness through surgical techniques makes it possible to treat and prevent peri-implant mucositis, peri-implantitis, peri-implant recessions and dehiscences. There are many possibilities for interventions described in the literature, and the aim of this study was to look at the techniques described and their impact on peri-implant health that were freely available in the Pubmed and BVS (Virtual Health Library) databases between January 2018 and September 2023. When analyzing the gains in TC, both in width and thickness, it was observed that autogenous grafts (connective tissue graft - CTG and free gingival graft - FGG) are more predictable and able to obtain a larger band compared to soft tissue substitutes, however the latter was able to reduce postoperative morbidity. In both cases it was possible to change the TC values and improved peri-implant health indices were reported.