Convergência da produtividade do trabalho nos setores da indústria extrativa e da transformação: uma análise para o caso brasileiro (1996-2019)

Abstract

The present dissertation aims, based on data from Brazilian states, to analyze for a more recent period whether there is convergence of labor productivity for the disaggregated extractive and manufacturing industry sectors, through β and σ convergence for two periods, 1996-2007 and 2008-2019. Additionally, the intention is to investigate the results of convergence and divergence of the sectors, determining the possible causes. The results indicated that for the first period, 19 out of the 26 analyzed subsectors showed significant β-convergence, with only one showing significant divergence. For the second period, 18 out of the 28 analyzed subsectors showed significant signs of convergence. An outstanding sector in the analysis was oil extraction, which showed the highest convergence coefficient for both periods. The results of conditional convergence showed that Brazilian states in most sectors are converging to a certain level of labor productivity internally. Regarding convergence, in most cases, the sectors are converging to a lower level of labor productivity in the first period analyzed. However, for the second period, the sectors converged to a higher level of labor productivity. This result corroborates the theory that labor productivity is pro-cyclical. Finally, this dissertation contributes with a more current and disaggregated analysis for the sectors of the Brazilian economy, making it possible to compare the convergence of labor productivity between Brazil and other countries. With this disaggregation, it is possible to better examine the signs of convergence of the economy sectors, avoiding the bias of aggregation.