Avaliação paramétrica do efeito dos ligamentos e músculos do assoalho pélvico no prolapso uterino

Abstract

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a disease that affects women of different ages and occurs as a result of a decrease in the rigidity of the pelvic floor, which is a set of muscles and ligaments responsible for supporting the uterus and other organs in the region, which can cause , in its more advanced stages, their descent through the vaginal canal. Some factors can increase the incidence of the disease, such as vaginal births, hysterectomy, excess weight and advanced age. In more serious cases, the patient feels a sensation of heaviness in the vagina and may even see part of the organ protruding from the outside. Understanding the biomechanical properties of support structures can help in the assessment of prolapse, its degrees of occurrence and the main muscles and ligaments responsible for supporting the pelvic organs. Therefore, this work aims to evaluate the influence of the constitutive parameters of cardinal and uterosacral ligaments and also the levator ani muscle in uterine displacement. To obtain the results, a Python code was used that allowed the necessary analyzes to be carried out. The results obtained showed that the uterosacral ligament is the one that has greater responsibility in supporting the uterus, when compared to the cardinal ligament, but that the levator ani muscle also has a role in supporting this organ.