Adaptação transcultural do Male Body Checking Questionnaire (MBCQ) para a língua portuguesa do Brasil

Abstract

In Brazil, there are very few valid and reliable self-reporting tools to assess body image, especially among men who, for years, did not receive the attention due from researchers. Therefore, this study aimed to perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the Male Body Checking Questionnaire (MBCQ), a tool developed to assess body checking behaviors, considering relevant men's concerns with weight and body shape. This dissertation was divided into four steps: The Theoretical Framework addresses core themes which form the basis for understanding this study; procedures for the cross-cultural adaptation (brief description of the methodological steps adopted during the phases of translation and validation; Article A – entitled “Portuguese (Brazil) translation, semantic equivalence and internal consistency of the Male Body Checking Questionnaire (MBCQ)”); account of the methodological steps (translation, backtranslations, synthesis of the translation, review performed by specialists and pre-test) for the translation and cultural adaptation of the original tool in English into Brazilian Portuguese, and the equivalence between the two versions (semantic equivalence). In addition, satisfactory values of internal consistency of the MBCQ (Cronbach's alpha of 0.96) are presented, as well as its four factors (higher than 0.83). The last step (the fourth one), described in Article B, entitled “Psychometric Properties of the Male Body Checking Questionnaire (MBCQ) among young men”, reports on the assessment of the validity of the construct (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis), indicating a satisfactory value to explain the variance (64.36%) and factor loadings (higher than 0.5), made up of four factors. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated the adequacy of the model proposed by means of good adjustment measures. The MBCQ presented convergent validity – correlation with the Body Shape Questionnaire (rho = 0.44; p < 0.01) and Body Checking Questionnaire (rho = 0.55; p < 0.01) - and discriminating - comparison between the groups of low and high risk behavior regarding eating disorders (Eating Attitudes Test – 26; 8604 vs. 34171; p = 0.018), and good stability. Satisfactory Cronbach's alpha values of the MBCQ applied in the factor analysis phase (0.92) were presented, as well as the analysis of reproducibility (moment 1, α = 0.89; and moment 2, α = 0.94). It may be concluded that the Male Body Checking Questionnaire is ready to be used in samples of adult male Brazilians so that the behavior component of body image can be clinically and epidemiologically investigated in said population.