Genogramas em comunidades afetadas pela Hanseníase: Explorando aspectos sociais e fatores de risco em Limeira de Mantena/MG

Abstract

Leprosy, a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae), affects the skin, peripheral nerves, and the nasal mucosa. This work aimed to identify specific patterns of social and family interaction correlated with a higher incidence of leprosy. This descriptive and longitudinal study involved the construction of genograms of the participating families using the DRAW.IO® software, including relevant data. Mrs. M.R.G had three marriages throughout her life, and cases of co-infection by M. leprae and S. mansoni were observed in members of the second marriage. It is essential to highlight that the results also showed two positive cases for LID (anti-M. leprae recombinant protein antibody), the presence of BCG scars in seven family members, as well as IgG4 serological antibodies against S. mansoni antigens in four participants of the study. It was possible to observe the presence of individuals mono-infected and co-infected by leprosy and schistosomiasis presenting a production of cytokines IL-4, IL-10, IL-17, and IFN-γ and chemokines CCL2, CXCL8, CXCL9 and CXCL10, in stimulated cultures. Continuing this study and monitoring contacts are relevant to better delineate risk factors in this community of Limeira de Mantena/MG. Our results provide a comprehensive perspective on the intersection of these health conditions in the studied population, pointing to the need for an integrated and specific approach to address these public health challenges. It, therefore, indicates the need for interventions with effective public health policies.