O papel dos salários e demais incentivos no setor público: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

In common sense, there is a division of opinions regarding the quality of public services offered around the world, which is commonly questioned in general. In this sense, the magnitude of the remuneration of civil servants, who are often also targets of criticism, may be a determining factor in the effectiveness of essential services delivery to population, such as security, health and education, but it is not known to what extent. Bearing these aspects in mind, the objective of this study was, through a systematic bibliographic review, to analyze the role of public servants' remuneration on their performance. In this sense, three forms of remuneration that can provide incentives to workers are analyzed: wages, variable incentives based on performance and career advancement incentives. Thus, the analyzed results indicate that motivation through the offer of material goods, mainly in cash, is capable of increasing the performance of public servants, attracting more qualified individuals to this sector, as well as reducing absenteeism. However, were found particularities that can reduce or even nullify the positive effects, such as the reduction in the level of intrinsic motivation of employees in certain cases and the creation of multitasking problems. Therefore, it was observed that the incentives have great potential to increase the performance of public servants, however, the context in which they are inserted and their possible implications must be taken into account.