Avaliação tomográfica da tábua óssea vestibular da maxila anterior: estudo retrospectivo de 265 pacientes

Abstract

The aim of this study was to tomographically evaluate the dimensions of the buccal bone plate of the anterior maxilla. For this purpose, Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images of 265 patients from the city of Belo Horizonte-MG were analyzed, totaling 1590 teeth. The parameters analyzed in teeth #13 to 23 were: the distance from the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to the bone crest (BC), the buccal bone plate thickness at 1, 2, 4 and 6 millimeters apical to the CEJ, and the correlation between the measures. The sample consisted of 90 men (33.97%) and 175 women (66.03%), with a mean age of 53.3±15.7 years. The mean CEJ-BC distance was 2.82±1.07 mm; with the lowest values being detected in the central incisors (2.60±0.98 mm) followed by the lateral incisors (2.74±0.93 mm) and canines (3.13±1.21 mm) (p<0.001). As for the thickness of the buccal bone plate, in general, there was a tendency for the values to increase as the evaluation was carried out more apically, ranging from 0.01±0.10 mm (1 mm apical to the CEJ) to 0.80±0.39 mm (6 mm apical to the CEJ) (p<0.001). Among the dental groups, the greatest thickness was detected in the lateral incisors (0.47±0.55 mm), followed by the central incisors (0.42±0.43 mm) and canines (0.38±0.45 mm) (p<0.001). Correlations between the CEJ-BC and the thickness of the buccal bone plate were detected, but they were not considered strong. It was concluded that in the sample studied, the CEJ-BC distance increased in the central incisor-canine direction, while the buccal bone plate thickness progressively increased in the apical direction in all analyzed teeth.